Biological Systems MCAT Practice Exam

Which type of cartilage is strong yet flexible and is found in the trachea?

1. Elastic cartilage

2. Fibrous cartilage

3. Hyaline cartilage

4. Articular cartilage

The correct answer is: Hyaline cartilage

The cartilage that is strong yet flexible and is found in the trachea is hyaline cartilage. Hyaline cartilage is characterized by its smooth, glassy appearance and is composed of a moderate amount of collagen fibers, which provide strength while still allowing for some flexibility. This type of cartilage is also found in other areas of the body, such as the ribcage, nose, and end of long bones, where it serves key roles in supporting structures while maintaining a degree of pliability. In the trachea, hyaline cartilage forms C-shaped rings that provide structural support to keep the airway open while still allowing it to be flexible enough to accommodate movements such as bending or expansion during respiration. The presence of hyaline cartilage in the trachea is crucial for respiratory function, as it helps prevent collapse during inhalation. The other types of cartilage mentioned have distinct characteristics and functions. Elastic cartilage, for instance, contains a high density of elastic fibers, allowing for greater flexibility, but is not typically found in the trachea. Fibrous cartilage is much denser and more resistant to compression, making it suitable for areas that endure heavy stress, such as intervertebral discs, rather than the flexible needs of the trachea. Articular